Martínez Alcalá, Samuel (2022) Propiedades estadísticas de redes de parentesco / Statistical properties of kinship networks. Maestría en Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Balseiro.
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Resumen en español
Implementando un modelo para generar poblaciones, se armaron redes con los parentescos entre los miembros de dichas sociedades, y se analizaron sus propiedades estructurales. El modelo crea una población de padres y una de hijos, y se estudian distintos modos de asignar hijos a los padres, así como los tamaños de ambos grupos generacionales. En las poblaciones de hijos creadas se establecen matrimonios entre ellos al azar, formando parejas monógamas, heterosexuales e impidiendo el matrimonio entre hermanos. Se armaron redes formadas por los hombres de la población de hijos, enlazándolos con sus hermanos y cuñados del mismo sexo, tanto cónyuges de sus hermanas como hermanos de su cónyuge y se calcularon su propiedades estructurales, siendo comparados los resultados con los obtenidos para versiones aleatorizadas de las redes de parentesco con igual distribución de grados. Fueron analizadas dos bases de datos de poblaciones reales, con las que se construyeron redes de parentesco en las que no se contaba con la información del sexo de los nodos y por tanto las redes se armaron eligiendo a todas las personas, enlazándolas con sus hermanos y cónyuges. Algunas propiedades de las redes construidas con el modelo mostraron similitud con la de redes reales, pero otras como la distribución de hijos por persona marcan diferencias importantes entre ambos tipos de redes. Debido a esto, fueron estudiadas redes generadas con distribuciones de hijos por persona calculadas de las bases de datos, presentando resultados compatibles con los obtenidos directamente en las redes reales. Se estudiaron también redes generadas con una distribución exponencial, más similares a las de las redes reales. En todos los casos, las redes de parentesco resultaron ser menos cohesivas que las aleatorias, presentando altos valores de los coeficientes de agrupamiento (local, global y medio), así como asortatividad positiva y alta. Las redes en poblaciones de tamaño variable presentaron una transición en la cual se forma una componente gigante. Esto se evidenció como el centro de un pico en las curvas de distancia media entre los nodos de la componente más grande de la red en función del factor de crecimiento poblacional.
Resumen en inglés
Implementing a model to generate populations, networks were built using the kinship between the members of these societies, and their structural properties were analyzed. The model creates a population of parents and one of children, and different ways of assigning children to parents are studied, as well as the sizes of both generational groups. In the created populations of children, marriages are established between them at random, forming monogamous, heterosexual couples and preventing marriage between siblings. Networks formed by men from the population of children were set up, linking them with their brothers and brothers-in-law of the same sex, both spouses of their sisters and brothers of their spouse, and their structural properties were calculated, the results being compared with those obtained for randomized versions of kinship networks with equal distribution of degrees. Two databases of real populations were analyzed, with which kinship networks were built in which the information on the sex of the nodes was not available and therefore the networks were assembled by choosing all the people, linking them with their blood siblings and spouses. Some properties of the networks built with the model showed similarities with those of real networks, but others, such as the distribution of children per person, show important differences between both types of networks. Due to this, networks generated with distributions of children per person calculated from the databases were studied, presenting results compatible with those obtained directly in real networks. Networks generated with an exponential distribution, more similar to those of real networks, were also studied. In all cases, the kinship networks turned out to be less cohesive than the random ones, presenting high values of the clustering coefficients (local, global and medium), as well as positive and high assortativity. The networks in populations of variable size presented a transition in which a giant component is formed. This was evidenced as the center of a peak in the curves of mean distance between the nodes of the largest component of the network as a function of the population growth factor.
| Tipo de objeto: | Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Físicas) |
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| Palabras Clave: | Statistics; Estadística; Graphs; Gráficos; [Socio-economic networks; Redes socio-económicas; Random graphs; Grafos aleatorios; Filogeny; Filogenia; Genealogy; Genealogía] |
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| Materias: | Física > Física estadística |
| Divisiones: | Gcia. de área de Investigación y aplicaciones no nucleares > Gcia. de Física > Sistemas complejos y altas energías > Física estadística interdisciplinaria |
| Código ID: | 1053 |
| Depositado Por: | Tamara Cárcamo |
| Depositado En: | 11 Jul 2022 11:49 |
| Última Modificación: | 11 Jul 2022 11:49 |
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