Lamagna, Federico (2022) Modelos de higgs compuesto para física de sabor y anomalías de mesones B / Composite higgs models for flavor physics and B-meson anomalies. Tesis Doctoral en Física, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Balseiro.
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Resumen en español
Los modelos de Higgs Compuesto, donde una teoría de campos fuertemente interactuante genera al Higgs como un pseudo bosón de Nambu-Goldstone, son capaces de resolver el Problema de la Jerarquía de la escala electrodébil, así como proveer una explicación para el problema de la pequeña jerarquía, naturalmente ubicando la escala de nueva físico en unos pocos TeV. En estos modelos la estructura de sabor emerge a bajas energías, teniendo potencialmente un impacto grande en la física de sabor. En la presente tesis exploramos la habilidad de los modelos de Higgs Compuesto para explicar un conjunto de desviaciones en decaimientos de mesones B medidas recientemente en diversos experimentos, así como nuevos escenarios compatibles con resonancias a la escala TeV. Consideramos la descripción efectiva de estas teorías, determinada por el patrón de ruptura de simetrías y trabajamos con los primeros niveles de resonancias. Las llamadas anomalías de la física del B son un conjunto de mediciones experimentales expresadas en términos de cocientes de decaimientos de mesones B que, estando en tensión con la predicción del Modelo Estándar, podrían indicar la existencia de nueva física a la escala del TeV. Asimismo, como requieren nueva física mayormente acoplada a la tercera generación de fermiones, resulta natural buscar una explicación común de las anomalías-B junto con el Problema de la Jerarquía con modelos de Higgs compuesto. Proponemos y exploramos diversos modelos que contienen leptoquarks compuestos que pueden proveer los operadores apropiados para explicar las anomalías. Eligiendo el patrón de ruptura de simetría global obtenemos: un modelo con un leptoquark escalar S_3, un modelo con dos leptoquarks escalares, S_1 y S_3, y un modelo con un leptoquark vectorial U_1. Si bien el modelo con S_3 no es capaz de explicar simultáneamente todas las anomalías-B, los otros dos modelos sí lo son. Mostramos como esto es naturalmente posible gracias a la estructura obtenida con acoplamientos anárquicos en el sector compuesto. Además obtenemos estados adicionales en el espectro de escalares: un cuadruplete de SU(2)_L que puede dar contribuciones a parámetros de precisión electrodébil, o un singlete del grupo de gauge del Modelo Estándar que puede ser un candidato a materia oscura. Calculamos el potencial que es generado dinámicamente, obteniendo las masas de los escalares, incluido el bosón de Higgs. Estudiamos los principales límites en cada modelo, donde encontramos cierta tensión, por ejemplo desviaciones en acoplamientos del bosón Z a quarks b o a neutrinos, así como en acoplamientos al bosón W, o desviaciones en decaimientos del τ . En una dirección diferente, construimos un modelo de sabor que combina Froggatt- Nielsen con composición parcial. Estudiamos los diferentes límites dados por física de sabor, donde encontramos supresión con respecto a composición parcial anárquica para algunos de los más rigurosos: en la contribución de quiralidad mixta a la mezcla K"0− ¯K "0 y en operadores dipolares de quarks encontramos una supresión de una y dos potencias del ángulo de Cabibbo, λC, respectivamente.
Resumen en inglés
Composite Higgs models, where a strongly coupled field theory develops the Higgs as a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson, are able to solve the Hierarchy Problem of the electroweak scale, as well as to provide an explanation for the little hierarchy problem, naturally pushing the scale of new physics to a few TeV. In these models the structure of flavor emerges at low energies, with a large potential impact on flavor physics. In the present thesis we explore the ability of Composite Higgs models to explain a set of deviations in B-meson decays recently measured in several experiments, as well as new scenarios compatible with resonances at the TeV scale. We consider the effective description of these theories, determined by the pattern of symmetry breaking and working with the first levels of resonances. The so called B-physics anomalies are a set of experimental measurements expressed in terms of ratios of decays of B-mesons that, being in tension with the Standard Model prediction, could signal the existence of new physics at the TeV scale. Moreover, since they require new physics mostly coupled to the third generation of fermions, it is natural to look for a common explanation of the B anomalies as well as the Hierarchy Problem in Composite Higgs models. We propose and explore different models containing composite leptoquarks which can provide the right operators for accommodating the anomalies. By choosing the pattern of global symmetry breaking we obtain: a model with a scalar leptoquark S_3, a model with two scalar leptoquarks, S_1 and S_3, and a model with a vector leptoquark U_1. While the model with S_3 is not able to simultaneously explain all the B-anomalies, the other two models are. We show how the structure of couplings given by anarchic partial compositeness is naturally able to do so. We also obtain additional states in the scalar spectrum: a SU(2)_L-fourplet which can give contributions to electroweak precision tests parameters, or a Standard Model gauge singlet which can be a candidate for dark matter. We compute the potential that is generated dynamically, obtaining the masses of the scalar states, including the Higgs boson. We study the main constraints in each model, finding certain tension, like deviations with Z couplings to b-quarks or neutrinos, as well as W-violating couplings, or deviations in tau decays. In a different direction, we build a flavor model which combines Froggatt-Nielsen with partial compositeness. We study the different flavor constraints, finding suppression with respect to anarchic partial compositeness for some of the most stringent ones: in the mixed-chirality contribution to K"0− ¯K"0 mixing and in the quark dipole operators we find a suppression of one and two powers of the Cabibbo angle, λC, respectively.
| Tipo de objeto: | Tesis (Tesis Doctoral en Física) |
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| Palabras Clave: | Leptoquarks; Leptoquarks; Higgs models; Modelos de Higgs; [B anomalies; Anomalías B; Composite higgs; Higgs compuesto; Flavor physics; Física de sabor] |
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| Materias: | Física > Física de partículas |
| Divisiones: | Investigación y aplicaciones no nucleares > Física > Partículas y campos |
| Código ID: | 1129 |
| Depositado Por: | Tamara Cárcamo |
| Depositado En: | 08 Mar 2023 14:06 |
| Última Modificación: | 08 Mar 2023 14:06 |
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