Brühlmann, Santiago A. (2021) Puesta apunto de la irradiación, control de la calidad radionucleídica y comportamiento de fantomas de microesferas de 32P para radioembolización / Fine-tuning of irradiation, control of radionuclide quality and behavior in phantoms of 32P radioembolization microspheres. Proyecto Integrador Ingeniería Nuclear, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Balseiro.
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Resumen en español
El carcinoma hepatocelular (HCC) es uno de los principales factores de incidencia y mortalidad entre los cánceres de hígado, provocando anualmente más de medio millón de fallecidos a nivel mundial. La radioterapia intra-arterial selectiva (SIRT) utilizando microesferas (ME) con radioisótopos emisores β- puros puede obtener efectos paliativos en los pacientes y extender la esperanza de vida de los mismos. Asimismo, ME vítreas cargadas con el radioisótopo ³²P, ofrecen una alternativa a los tratamientos con ME de ⁹⁰Y, que actualmente se importan de Canadá y Australia a altos costos. En este trabajo se presentan las pruebas y cálculos preliminares de irradiación para obtener ³²P a partir del isótopo estable ³¹P en una matriz vítrea, utilizando para ello el reactor nuclear RA-6. Los cálculos se realizaron considerando la activación neutrónica del ³¹P en la caja de irradiación I del RA-6, la cual posee un flujo térmico integrado de aproximadamente 1,4 .10¹³cm⁻²s⁻¹ y uno epidérmico de 8 . 10¹¹cm⁻²s⁻¹. Para una composición vítrea tipo PASM (42P₂O₅-4SiO₂-10Al₂O₃-44MgO) el estudio de las tasas de reacción para la captura radiativa y posterior decaimiento indican que es suficiente con un tiempo de irradiación de 24 horas y uno de decaimiento de 72 horas. Las actividades y dosis por ME aplicadas a 1kg de tejido, con ME de 60μm de diámetro de ³²P en matriz PASM resultan en 73Bq/ME y 14,4μGy/ME. En comparación, las dosis de ME comerciales de ⁹⁰Y corresponden a 2,5μGy/ME para las ME de resina Sir-Spheres y a 175μGy/ME para las ME vítreas Therasphere. Luego, la estimación de la dosis administrada por estas ME se llevó a cabo utilizando el método multicompartimento en hígado. Por otro lado, se realizaron simulaciones Monte Carlo con la plataforma GATE, para evaluar la calidad de imagen obtenida a partir de los fotones de Bremsstrahlung del ³²P con diferentes parámetros de adquisición. A su vez, se simulo la adquisición de imágenes de ⁹⁹mTc, que fueron luego comparadas con imágenes adquiridas en el equipo SPECT/CT de INTECNUS, en un Fantoma antropomórco de hígado diseñado y fabricado, mediante impresión 3D.
Resumen en inglés
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the main incidence and mortality factors among liver cancer, causing annually more than half a million deaths worldwide. Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) using pure β- emitting radioisotopes microspheres (MS) are used in palliative treatment of patients, extending their life expectancy. Likewise, vitreous MS loaded with the ³²P radioisotope, offer an alternative to ⁹⁰Y MS treatments, which are currently imported from Canada and Australia at high prices. In this project, preliminary irradiation tests and calculations are presented to obtain ³²P from the stable isotope ³¹P in a vitreous matrix, using the RA-6 nuclear reactor. Computation were carried out considering the neutron activation of ³¹P in the irradiation box I of the RA-6, which has an integrated thermal flux of approximately 1,4.10¹³cm⁻²s⁻¹ and an epithermal flux of 8 . 10¹¹cm⁻²s⁻¹. For a PASM-type vitreous composition (42P₂O₅-4SiO₂-10Al₂O₃-44MgO) the study of the reaction rates for neutronic capture and subsequent decay indicates that an irradiation time of 24 hours and a decay time of 72 hours is enough to achieve an acceptable activity of ³²P. The activities and doses per MS applied to 1kg of tissue, with 60μm diameter MS of ³²P in PASM matrix result in 73Bq/MS and 14.4μGy/MS. In comparison, the commercial MS doses for 90Y correspond to 2.5μGy/MS for Sir-Spheres (resin MS) and 175μGy/MS for Therasphere (vitreous MS). Then, the estimation of the dose administered by these ³²P MS was carried out using the multi-compartment method in liver. On the other hand, Monte Carlo simulations with the GATE platform were used to evaluate the image quality obtained from the Bremsstrahlung photons of ³²P applying different acquisition parameters. As well, ⁹⁹mTc imaging was simulated, comparing simulated images with the acquired ones, obtained by INTECNUS SPECT/CT equipment, using a anthropomorphic liver phantom, which was designed and manufactured with a 3D printing for this purpose, allowing this the validation of the simulation tool.
| Tipo de objeto: | Tesis (Proyecto Integrador Ingeniería Nuclear) |
|---|---|
| Palabras Clave: | Irradiation; Irradiación; Phantoms; Neutron activation analysis; Análisis por activación neutrónica; [Hepatocellular carcinoma; Hepatocarcinoma; Fantoma] |
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| Materias: | Medicina > Medicina nuclear Medicina > Radiofarmacia |
| Divisiones: | Centro Integral de Medicina Nuclear y Radioterapia. Fundación INTECNUS |
| Código ID: | 1023 |
| Depositado Por: | Tamara Cárcamo |
| Depositado En: | 27 Abr 2022 15:39 |
| Última Modificación: | 27 Abr 2022 15:39 |
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