Linale, Nicolás M. (2022) Efectos no lineales de orden superior en guías de onda con perfiles de no linealidad dependientes de la frecuencia / Higher-order nonlinear effects on waveguides with frequency-dependent nonlinear profiles. Tesis Doctoral en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Balseiro.
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Resumen en español
En las ultimas décadas el campo de la óptica no lineal suscitó un marcado interés, tanto en la comunidad científica como en la industria, debido a las ventajas que presentan los dispositivos fotónicos frente a los electrónicos en términos de su enorme ancho de banda y de su potencial bajo consumo. Además de ser compatibles con la fabricación de semiconductores, la respuesta no lineal de estos dispositivos permite la generación de procesos ópticos de enorme relevancia tecnológica como la generación de supercontinuo, la generación de peines de frecuencia (Premio Nobel de Física 2005) o la generación de fotones únicos. Por estos motivos, cobra una gran relevancia el estudio de los medios y guías de onda no lineales y la propuesta de modelos para su análisis. En este sentido, la ecuación no lineal de Schrodinger (NLSE, por su sigla en inglés) ha sido utilizada durante décadas para el análisis de los mismos y está respaldada por una fuerte validación experimental, como así también la variante generalizada de la NLSE, la GNLSE, que se utiliza para modelar contribuciones no lineales de orden superior. Estos revisten especial interés en los procesos que impliquen la generación de espectros anchos, en los cuales la respuesta no lineal del medio depende de la frecuencia. No obstante, tanto la NLSE como la GNLSE resultan inadecuadas para representar estos procesos, ya que no garantizan la correcta descripción de magnitudes físicas elementales del campo electromagnético como la energía y número de fotones. En esta tesis se estudian dos efectos ópticos no lineales de orden superior, el selfsteepening y el scattering de Raman, en el contexto de dos ecuaciones que conservan el número de fotones en presencia de una respuesta no lineal con una dependencia arbitraria de esta con la frecuencia: la pcNLSE y la pcGNLSE, las cuales fueron derivadas en el ámbito de nuestro grupo de investigación. En el Capítulo 1 se introducen los conceptos básicos de la óptica no lineal y se explica la importancia de considerar la dependencia con la frecuencia del coeficiente de no linealidad de las guías de onda al modelar procesos de generación de espectros anchos. Luego, se detallan las limitaciones de la NLSE/GNLSE y se introducen las ecuaciones pcNLSE/pcGNLSE. En el Capítulo 2 se analiza la inestabilidad modulacional, un efecto que surge al aplicar campos electromagnéticos de intensidad constante (CW) a medios no lineales y dispersivos, y se estudia el impacto del parámetro de self-steepening, s, y de la contribución fraccional de Raman, fR. Posteriormente, en el Capítulo 3, se analiza el rol de ambos parámetros en la propagación de solitones con la pcNLSE/pcGNLSE. Luego, en el Capítulo 4, se proponen dos esquemas para la medición de s y fR, uno CW y otro pulsado; además, se propone un esquema para estimar el parámetro de self-steepening de segundo orden. En el Capítulo 5 se estudia la generación de supercontinuo en materiales de relevancia en óptica integrada, como lo son los nanowires recubiertos con medios bidimensionales, particularmente con grafeno u oxido de grafeno; también se analiza el rol del self-steepening en el proceso de generación de supercontinuo, encontrando que existe un valor optimo de s que maximiza el ancho de banda producido. Finalmente, en el Capítulo 6 se presentan las conclusiones y perspectivas.
Resumen en inglés
In the past decades, the field of nonlinear optics has attracted the attention of both the scientic community and the technology industry due to the potential advantages of photonic over electronic devices in terms of bandwidth and low-power consumption. In addition to the compatibility with semiconductor technologies, the nonlinear response of photonic devices allows for the generation of optical processes of utmost technological importance such as supercontinuum generation, optical frequency combs (Nobel Prize in Physics 2005), and heralded single-photon sources. Hence, the study of nonlinear media and waveguides and the derivation of suitable modeling frameworks become a necessity. The tried and trusted Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation (NLSE), and its generalized version used to model higher-order nonlinear effects, the GNLSE, have been used for decades for this purpose. However, both the NLSE and the GNLSE are rendered inadequate to model broadband processes when the nonlinear optical response is frequency dependent, as they fail to preserve physical magnitudes, such as the energy and photon number of the electric field. In this thesis two higher-order nonlinear effects, self-steepening and Raman scattering, are studied in the context of two equations that preserve the photon number for arbitrary frequency-dependent nonlinear proles: The pcNLSE and the pcGNLSE, which were derived in our Group. In Chapter 1 we introduce basic concepts of nonlinear optics and the importance of considering the frequency dependence of the nonlinear coefficient when modeling broadband processes. Then, we discuss limitations of the NLSE/GNLSE and introduce the pcNLSE/pcGNLSE. In Chapter 2 we analyze modulation instability, an effect that arises when applying a continuous-wave (CW) electromagnetic field to nonlinear and dispersive media, and we study the impact of the self-steepening parameter, s, and the fractional Raman contribution, fR. Next, in Chapter 3, we discuss the role of both parameters in the propagation of solitons modeled with the pcNLSE/pcGNLSE. In Chapter 4 we propose two experimental schemes to measure s and fR, a pulsed and a CW; furthermore another scheme is proposed to estimate the second-order self-steepening parameter. The generation of supercontinuum in relevant materials in integrated optics, such as nanowires covered with two-dimensional media, e.g. with graphene or graphene oxide, is studied in Chapter 5, where we analyze the role of the self-steepening parameter in the generation of supercontinuum. Finally, we present conclusions and perspectives in Chapter 6.
| Tipo de objeto: | Tesis (Tesis Doctoral en Ciencias de la Ingeniería) |
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| Palabras Clave: | Nonlinear optics; Óptica nolineal; [Self-steepening; Covered nanowires; Nanowires recubiertos; Supercontinuum generation; Generación de supercontinuo] |
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| Materias: | Ingeniería en telecomunicaciones > Óptica no lineal |
| Divisiones: | Gcia. de área Académica > Gcia. Instituto Balseiro > Grupo Comunicaciones Ópticas |
| Código ID: | 1127 |
| Depositado Por: | Tamara Cárcamo |
| Depositado En: | 11 Oct 2022 14:46 |
| Última Modificación: | 25 Oct 2022 10:55 |
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