Rinaldi, Matías (2022) Diseño de plataforma de testeo para celdas de combustibles de óxido sólido / Desing of a testing platform for solid oxide fuel cells. Maestría en Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Balseiro.
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Resumen en español
Las particularidades de las distintas áreas de investigación hace que muchas veces los investigadores deban desarrollar sus propios equipos de medición y testeo. Una de las opciones más elegidas por los investigadores para implementar dichos equipos es el uso de sistemas de adquisición de datos (DAQ) comerciales, como los ofrecidos por la empresa National Instruments (NI). Si bien estos sistemas son relativamente fáciles de programar y de implementar, requieren el uso de software propietario y su costo es muy elevado lo que limita su accesibilidad. Por lo tanto, la búsqueda de alternativas que puedan ofrecer prestaciones similares a bajo costo es muy necesaria sobre todo en el contexto económico en el cual se desarrollan generalmente nuestros proyectos de investigación. Actualmente, el Dpto. de Caracterización de Materiales de la CNEA, en el cuál se desarrollo esta tesis, está desarrollando un proyecto que tiene como objetivo la construcción de una plataforma de testeo para caracterizar stacks de pilas de combustible de oxido sólido (SOFC). Las pilas SOFC son dispositivos capaces de generar corriente eléctrica a partir de una reacción electroquímica. La temperatura de operación típica de las SOFC varía entre 700°C y 1000°C y los gases con los que pueden funcionar son: hidrógeno, metano, gas natural, biogás y gases reformados como combustibles y oxígeno o aire como comburente. La plataforma cuenta con un horno capaz de alcanzar el rango de temperatura de operación de las pilas, un sistema de tuberías de acero inoxidable para el transporte de los gases y un sistema que permita controlar y medir los flujos de los diferentes gases, la humedad relativa de los mismos, la temperatura a la que ingresan a la pila y las presiones a la salida. Además, cuenta con una carga electrónica para realizar la caracterización del rendimiento y eficiencia eléctrica. En esta tesis se desarrollo un sistema para la supervisión, control y adquisición de datos para una plataforma de testeo de celdas de oxido sólido. Se seleccionó el hardware para control y adquisición de señales y se desarrolló el software para el control del hardware y para la adquisición, tratamiento y visualización de datos cumpliendo con los requerimientos técnicos y funcionales de la plataforma de testeo. Por ultimo, se diseñó y fabricó un stack monocelda para celdas cuadradas de 5 cm x 5 cm de los materiales más comúnmente usados en la fabricación de SOFC. Según nuestro conocimiento, esta es la primera vez que se intenta fabricar celdas de combustible y un stack monocelda de este tamaño en nuestro país.
Resumen en inglés
The particularities of the different research areas mean that researchers often have to develop their own measurement and testing equipment. One of the options most chosen by researchers to implement such equipment is the use of commercial data acquisition systems (DAQ), such as those offered by the company National Instruments (NI). Although these systems are relatively easy to program and implement, they require the use of proprietary software and their cost is very high which limits their accessibility. Therefore, the search for alternatives that can offer similar benefits at low cost is very necessary especially in the economic context in which our research projects are generally developed. Currently, the Department of Materials Characterization of the CNEA, in which this thesis was developed, is developing a project that aims to build a testing platform to characterize stacks of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). SOFC batteries are devices capable of generating electric current from an electrochemical reaction. The typical operating temperature of SOFCs varies between 700°C and 1000°C and the gases they can operate with are: hydrogen, methane, natural gas, biogas and gases reformed as fuels and oxygen or air as oxidizer. The platform has a furnace capable of reaching the operating temperature range of the batteries, a system of stainless steel pipes for the transport of gases and a system that allows to control and measure the flows of the different gases, their relative humidity, the temperature at which they enter the pile and the pressures at the outlet. In addition, it has an electronic charge to perform the characterization of performance and electrical efficiency. This thesis developed a system for monitoring, control and data acquisition for a solid oxide cell testing platform. The hardware for control and signal acquisition was selected and the software for the control of the hardware and for the acquisition, treatment and visualization of data was developed, complying with the technical and functional requirements of the testing platform. Finally, a single-cell stack for square cells of 5 cm x 5 cm of the most commonly used materials in the manufacture of SOFC was designed and manufactured. To our knowledge, this is the first time that attempts have been made to manufacture fuel cells and a single-cell stack of this size in our country.
| Tipo de objeto: | Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Físicas) |
|---|---|
| Palabras Clave: | Python; [Testing platform; Plataforma de testeo; Solid oxide fuel cell; SOFC; Programmable logic controllers; PLC; Supervisory control and data acquisition; SCADA] |
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| Materias: | Física > Ciencias de materiales |
| Divisiones: | Aplicaciones de la energía nuclear > Tecnología de materiales y dispositivos > Caracterización de materiales |
| Código ID: | 1169 |
| Depositado Por: | Tamara Cárcamo |
| Depositado En: | 07 Aug 2023 14:25 |
| Última Modificación: | 07 Aug 2023 14:25 |
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