Chehade, Pablo N. (2023) Dinámica de una burbuja de cavitación láser / Dynamics of a laser cavitation bubble. Maestría en Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Balseiro.
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Resumen en español
Se analizó numéricamente la dinámica de una burbuja de cavitación láser desde su formación hasta el momento de máxima expansión y posterior compresión. Se identificaron dos etapas en la evolución de la burbuja, cada una gobernada por fenómenos físicos distintos. Durante la primera etapa, un láser de alta potencia incide en un medio líquido, generando una burbuja de cavitación. Luego, esta burbuja se expande hasta un radio máximo. Este proceso es de origen electrostático, termodinámico y fluidodinámico. En la actualidad existe un modelo que describe fenomenológicamente esta etapa. En este trabajo se ha formalizado y cuantificado el modelo con el objetivo de capturar efectos importantes, como la relación entre el radio máximo de la burbuja y la potencia del láser incidente. Ambos modelos presuponen la existencia de microburbujas de gas estables en el medio líquido. La segunda etapa involucra la compresión de la burbuja hasta un radio mínimo. Este proceso es de origen termodinámico y fluidodinámico. Se desarrolló e implementó el modelo que explica esta dinámica, considerando una amplia variedad de efectos físicos. Este modelo se compone de un conjunto de ecuaciones diferenciales acopladas que conforman un problema de tipo stiff. Se exploraron diversos métodos numéricos y técnicas de resolución computacionales. Se obtuvo la evolución del radio de la burbuja, la presión, la temperatura y la concentración de distintas especies químicas bajo condiciones iniciales especificas. Luego, con el objetivo de validar el código, se compararon los resultados con los obtenidos mediante una implementación previa realizada y experimentalmente validada en el Laboratorio de Cavitación y Biotecnología. Adicionalmente, se investigó la posibilidad de que ocurran reacciones nucleares D-D en el momento de máxima compresión de la burbuja, instante en el que se forma un plasma con valores relativamente altos de densidad y temperatura.
Resumen en inglés
The dynamics of a laser cavitation bubble from its formation to the moment of maximum expansion and subsequent compression were numerically analyzed. Two stages in the bubble’s evolution were identified, each governed by different physical phenomena. During the first stage, a high-power laser impacts a liquid medium, generating a cavitation bubble. Then, this bubble expands to a maximum radius. This process is electrostatic, thermodynamic, and fluid dynamic in nature. Currently, there is a model that phenomenologically describes this stage. This work formalized and quantified the model to capture important effects, such as the relationship between the bubble’s maximum radius and the incident laser power. Both models presuppose the existence of stable gas microbubbles in the liquid medium. The second stage involves the compression of the bubble to a minimum radius. This process is thermodynamic and fluid dynamic in origin. A model explaining this dynamics was developed and implemented, considering a wide variety of physical effects. This model consists of a set of coupled differential equations forming a stiff-type problem. Various numerical methods and computational resolution techniques were explored. The evolution of the bubble’s radius, pressure, temperature, and concentration of different chemical species under specific initial conditions were obtained. Then, to validate the code, the results were compared with those obtained through a previous implementation that was experimentally validated at the Laboratory of Cavitation and Biotechnology. Additionally, the possibility of D-D nuclear reactions occurring at the moment of maximum bubble compression, when a plasma with relatively high density and temperature values is formed, was investigated.
| Tipo de objeto: | Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Físicas) |
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| Palabras Clave: | Thermodynamics; Termodinámica; Laser cavities; Cavidades de láser; [Numerical study; Estudio numérico; High power laser; Láser de alta potencia; Electrostatic; Electroestática] |
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| Materias: | Física > Interacción de la radiación con la materia |
| Divisiones: | Gcia. de área de Energía Nuclear > Gcia. de Ingeniería Nuclear > Cavitación y biotecnología |
| Código ID: | 1237 |
| Depositado Por: | Marisa G. Velazco Aldao |
| Depositado En: | 24 Abr 2024 12:54 |
| Última Modificación: | 24 Abr 2024 12:54 |
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