Hoyos Quintero, John J. (2014) Fricción interna, mecanismos de endurecimiento y cambios microestructurales en aceros templados y revenidos . / Internal friction, mechanisms of hardening and microstructural changes on carbon steels quenched and tempered. Tesis Doctoral en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Balseiro.
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Resumen en español
En este trabajo, se establecen correlaciones originales entre la microestructura, las propiedades mecánicas y la fricción interna de dos aceros al carbono (0,7 %, en peso de carbono) templados y revenidos. La fricción interna permite identificar mecanismos de relajación atribuidos a las dislocaciones, aportando nuevos elementos para entender los mecanismos de endurecimiento y la respuesta mecánica de estos aceros. La evolución de la microestructura se determina principalmente mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido y difracción de rayos X, complementándola con la medición de propiedades físicas (saturación magnética, potencia termoeléctrica y dilatometría), para identificar cambios específicos como la disminución del contenido de carbono intersticial, la precipitación de carburos o la descomposición de la austenita retenida. La respuesta mecánica se evalúa mediante medidas de dureza, ensayos de impacto y de tracción. La fricción interna se mide mediante espectroscopía mecánica, en los modos de vibración libre y forzada. Se plantea el empleo de la espectroscopía mecánica (fricción interna) para evaluar cualitativamente la densidad de dislocaciones de aceros templados y revenidos. También se identifican mecanismos de relajación que pueden asociarse a la formación de superficies de fractura dúctil y frágil. La susceptibilidad a la fragilización no sólo depende de la composición química sino también la cantidad de austenita retenida y su estabilidad durante el revenido. Adicionalmente, se desarrolla un modelo alotrópico para estimar la dureza de los aceros templados durante el revenido, considerando el efecto de las condiciones de austenización.
Resumen en inglés
In this work, correlations between the microstructure, mechanical properties and internal friction of two carbon steels (0,7 wt % carbon) quenched and tempered are established. The internal friction allows to identify the relaxation mechanisms attributed to dislocations, proportionating new elements to understand the hardening mechanisms and the mechanical response of these steels. The microstructure evolution is analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and Xray diffraction. The measurement of physical properties (magnetic saturation, thermoelectric power and dilatometry) to identify specific changes as reduction of carbon content in solid solution, precipitation of carbides and decomposition of retained austenite was realized, too. The mechanical response was evaluated by measurements of hardness, impact and tensile test. The internal friction was measured by mechanical spectroscopy from the free decay of the oscillations and forced vibration mode. The use of mechanical spectroscopy (internal friction) is proposed to qualitatively evaluate the dislocation density of quenched and tempered steels. The relaxation mechanisms that may be associated with the formation of ductile and brittle fracture surfaces are identified, too. The susceptibility to embrittlement must consider not only the chemical composition but also the amount of retained austenite and its stability during tempering. Additionally, an allotropic model to estimate the hardness of the quenched steels during tempering is proposed, considering the influence of austenitizing conditions.
| Tipo de objeto: | Tesis (Tesis Doctoral en Ciencias de la Ingeniería) |
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| Palabras Clave: | Steels; Aceros; Quenching; Extinción; Tempering; Revenido; Internal friction; Fricción interna; Dislocations; Dislocaciones; Fracture mechanics; Mecánica de fracturas; Embrittlement; Fragilización; [Mechanical spectroscopy; Espectroscopía mecánica] |
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| Materias: | Física > Física de materiales |
| Divisiones: | Investigación y aplicaciones no nucleares > Física > Física de metales |
| Código ID: | 483 |
| Depositado Por: | Marisa G. Velazco Aldao |
| Depositado En: | 16 Abr 2015 16:09 |
| Última Modificación: | 16 Abr 2015 16:09 |
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