Cova, Federico H. (2014) Desarrollo y modelado del hidruro 50M_gH_2-Ni y su utilización en sistemas desestabilizados de alta capacidad para almacenamiento de hidrógeno. / Development and modeling of 50M_gH_2-Ni hydride and its application in high capacity destabilized systems for hydrogen storage. Tesis Doctoral en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Balseiro.
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Resumen en español
Cuando se analiza el marco energético global actual y las proyecciones a futuro, surge la necesidad de encontrar nuevas tecnologías que permitan el empleo de vectores energéticos ecológicos y renovables. Entre los potenciales vectores energéticos se destaca el hidrógeno. Sin embargo, para poder situar al hidrógeno como una alternativa energética viable frente a los combustibles actuales es necesario resolver el problema que presenta su transporte y almacenamiento. En el presente trabajo de tesis se investigaron materiales formadores de hidruros para almacenamiento de hidrógeno en estado sólido. Este método permite almacenar mayores cantidades de hidrógeno por cantidad de volumen y es más seguro que el almacenamiento en estado líquido o gaseoso. En particular se estudiaron sistemas basados en el M_gH_2 catalizado con Ni y su posible utilización como componente del sistema desestabilizado 2LiBH_4:MgH_2. En la primera parte de esta tesis se estudio el sistema 50M_gH_2-Ni sintetizado por molienda mecánica. También se evaluó el efecto del agregado de diversos aditivos con Li sobre la capacidad de almacenamiento del sistema. Por último se desarrollo un modelo que permite simular la absorción de hidrógeno en el sistema en función de la presión, la temperatura y el grado de avance. Este modelo es capaz de reproducir con muy buena fidelidad los datos obtenidos experimentalmente en un amplio rango de presión y temperatura. En la segunda parte de esta tesis se estudio el sistema desestabilizado 2LiBH_4:M_gH_2+5%Ni. Este sistema presenta una mayor capacidad de almacenamiento de hidrógeno y propiedades termodinámicas mas favorables que el estudiado en la primera parte. Se puso especial énfasis en el estudio de la termodinámica del sistema a altas temperaturas. Por último se evaluaron los efectos del agregado de nanotubos de carbono al sistema y se realizó un análisis en mayor profundidad de los caminos de reacción que presenta la absorción de hidrógeno a diferentes temperaturas. El estudio de ambos sistemas representa un aporte al conocimiento de sus características microestructurales y entendimiento de su termodinámica y la cinética de sus interacciones con el hidrógeno. El modelo desarrollado para el 50M_gH_2-Ni permite asimismo el modelado y simulación de tanques almacenadores como una etapa previa a su construcción.
Resumen en inglés
When the current global energy framework and future projections are considered, the need of new technologies for the use of ecological and renewable energy sources becomes a critical factor. Among the potential energy carriers, hydrogen highlights as one of the most promising. However, in order to consider the hydrogen as a viable alternative energy compared to current fuels is necessary to solve the problem presented by its transportation and storage. In this thesis hydride forming materials for hydrogen storage in solid state were investigated. This method allows storing larger amounts of hydrogen per amount of volume and is more secure than storage in liquid or gaseous state. Particularly systems based on Ni-catalyzed M_gH_2 and its possible use as a component of the 2LiBH_4:M_gH_2 destabilized system is studied. In the first part of this thesis the 50M_gH_2-Ni system synthesized by mechanical milling was studied. The effect of adding various additives with Li on the hydrogen storage capacity of the system was also evaluated. Finally a model that simulates the absorption of hydrogen in the system as a function of pressure, temperature and reacted fraction was developed. The resulting model can reproduce with good fidelity data obtained experimentally in a wide range of pressure and temperature. In the second part of this thesis the 2LiBH_4:M_gH_2+5% Ni destabilized system was studied. This system has a higher hydrogen storage capacity and more favorable thermodynamic properties than the one studied in the first part. Special emphasis was placed on the study of the thermodynamics of the system at high temperatures. Finally the effects of adding carbon nanotubes to the system were evaluated and a deeper analysis of reaction pathways that hydrogen absorption presents at different temperatures was conducted. The study of both systems represents a contribution to the knowledge of the microstructural characteristics and understanding the thermodynamics and kinetics of their interactions with hydrogen. The model developed for the 50M_gH_2-Ni also allows the modeling and simulation of bulk storage tanks as a previous step of its construction.
| Tipo de objeto: | Tesis (Tesis Doctoral en Ciencias de la Ingeniería) |
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| Palabras Clave: | Hydrogen; Hidrógeno; Hydrides; Hidrudros; Storage; Almacenamiento; Magnesium; Magnesio; Energy; Energía; [Destabilized systems; Sistemas desestabilizados] |
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| Materias: | Energía Química Química > Materiales Energía > Demanda energética |
| Divisiones: | Gcia. de área de Aplicaciones de la tecnología nuclear > Gcia. de Investigación aplicada > Fisicoquímica de materiales |
| Código ID: | 526 |
| Depositado Por: | USUARIO INVÁLIDO |
| Depositado En: | 23 Mar 2016 10:39 |
| Última Modificación: | 23 Mar 2016 10:41 |
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