Gramajo, Ana A. (2019) Aproximación semiclásica en la fotoionización por pulsos ultracortos asistidos por láser. / Semiclassical approximation in laser-assisted photoionization by ultra shorts pulses. Tesis Doctoral en Física, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Balseiro.
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Resumen en español
En esta tesis se estudia la ionización por encima del umbral (ATI) y la fotoionización asistida por láser (LAPE) de átomos y moléculas producida por campos láser ultra intensos y ultra cortos. En primer lugar, se considera la contribución de la energía cinética promedio que adquiere un electrón libre oscilando en un campo láser al balance de energía del sistema en la ionización por encima del umbral (ATI) de hidrógeno atómico. A través de su promedio temporal, se revisa la definición de energía ponderomotriz UP , la cual extendemos su definición para el caso de pulsos con pocos ciclos ópticos y con envolvente altamente variable en el tiempo. Formulamos un modelo semiclásico que establece una conexión entre tiempos de emisión del electrón y energía del fotoelectrón, y mostramos que algunas estructuras del espectro tienen su origen en diferentes instantes de tiempo del pulso con envolvente variable. Luego, se extiende el modelo semiclásico (SCM) para estudiar la ionización por pulsos de dos colores, conocida como fotoemisión asistida por láser (LAPE). Se obtiene el espectro del fotoelectrón resuelto en angulo para la ionización del átomo de hidrógeno producida por un pulso con frecuencia en el extremo ultravioleta (XUV) en presencia de un láser con frecuencia en el infrarrojo (IR). Se logra factorizar la probabilidad de emisión como el producto de dos contribuciones diferentes que muestran la interferencia entre trayectorias clásicas del electrón originadas en un mismo ciclo óptico del láser (factor intraciclo) y en distintos ciclos (factor interciclo). Este ultimo factor es el responsable de dar origen a bandas laterales siguiendo la ley de conservación de energía para absorción de un solo fotón XUV y absorción/emisión de varios fotones IR. Se estudia el espectro del fotoelectrón resuelto en angulo variando distintos parametros del proceso LAPE, tales como la duración e intensidad de los campos XUV e IR y retardo temporal entre ellos, as como el blanco bajo estudio y la configuración geométrica de los campos. Para casos de emisión particulares, se encuentra que el espectro puede factorizarse de forma alternativa a través de dos contribuciones intra- e ínter-medio-ciclo, de manera que en un ciclo óptico del láser, las trayectorias originadas en cada medio ciclo interfieren destructivamente en la absorción y/o emisión de fotones, permitiendo solo el intercambio de un numero impar o par según la simetría del estado inicial de fotones del láser IR en la formación de las bandas laterales.
Resumen en inglés
In this thesis, we study the above-threshold ionization (ATI) and laser-assisted photoionization (LAPE) of atoms and molecules produced by ultra-intense and ultra-short laser fields. First, we consider the contribution of the quiver kinetic energy acquired by an electron in an oscillating electric field of a short laser pulse to the energy balance in above-threshold ionization of the hydrogen atom. Through its temporal average, we analyze the concept of ponderomotive energy UP , which is not well defined when we consider a few-cycle laser and a highly time-dependent envelope. We formulate a semiclassical model that establishes a connection between the electron emission times with the energy spectra. We show that some structures of the photoelectron spectra born at different times of the pulse envelope. Then, we extend the semiclassical model (SCM) to the two-color ionization known as laser-assisted photoemission (LAPE). We obtain the angle-resolved photoelectron spectra for the ionization of a hydrogen atom produced by with an extreme ultraviolet (XUV) nite laser pulse assisted by an IR laser. The emission probability can be factorized in two different contributions which involve the interference stemming from electron trajectories within the same cycle (intracycle factor) and the interference stemming from electron trajectories released at dierent cycles (intercycle factor). The latter factor giving rise to the sidebands following the energy conservation rule for the absorption of one XUV photon accompanied by sideband lines associated with an additional exchange of laser photons. We study the dependence of the angle-resolved photoelectron spectra with different parameters of the LAPE process as the laser intensity and the XUV pulse duration, the time delay between them and different targets and geometric congurations of the XUV and IR elds. For particular emission cases, the photoelectron spectra can be factorized alternatively in two different contributions intra-half and inter-half-cycle. The interference stemming from electron trajectories released at different half cycles in one IR optical cycle interfere destructively for the absorption and/or emission of IR photons. The latter allows only the exchange of an odd or even number of IR photons to the formation of sidebands according to the symmetry properties for the initial state.
| Tipo de objeto: | Tesis (Tesis Doctoral en Física) |
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| Palabras Clave: | Photoemission; Fotoemisión; Photoionization; Fotoionización; Lasers; Laseres |
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| Materias: | Física > Física atómica |
| Divisiones: | Investigación y aplicaciones no nucleares > Física > Colisiones atómicas |
| Código ID: | 819 |
| Depositado Por: | Tamara Cárcamo |
| Depositado En: | 01 Mar 2021 09:46 |
| Última Modificación: | 03 Mar 2021 09:03 |
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