Rodríguez, María C. (2017) El vacío cuántico: efectos geométricos y dinámicos. / The quantum vacuum: dynamic and geometric effects. Maestría en Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Balseiro.
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Resumen en español
Uno de los fenómenos más distintivos que tienen origen en la mecánica cuántica son las fluctuaciones del vacío. En el caso del campo electromagnético, estas dan lugar a diversos fenomenos observables, entre los cuales se destaca el efecto Casimir, debido a su carácter microscópico. En este trabajo estudiamos diversos modelos en los que se maniesta el efecto Casimir, tanto en su versión estática como dinámica. Esta tesis esta dividida en 2 secciones, en la primera parte estudiamos espejos acoplados con un campo escalar, mientras que en la segunda parte hicimos lo mismo con el campo electromagnético. En el caso estático, calculamos la energía del vacío en un sistema en el que el campo interactúa con dos espejos semitransparentes de grosor nulo. Esta última característica de los espejos permite hacer un desarrollo perturbativo en el acoplamiento entre los espejos y el campo. En particular, estudiamos un sistema de dos espejos con una corrugación no necesariamente pequeña. Obtuvimos la fuerza de Casimir normal y lateral en los sistemas estudiados. Para el dinámico, obtuvimos la probabilidad de decaimiento del vacío en un sistema de dos espejos planos semitransparentes en movimiento paralelo a las supercies.
Resumen en inglés
One of the most remarkable manifestations of quantum nature is due to vacuum fluctuations that lead to measurable phenomena, like the Casimir effect. We study the static and dynamic Casimir effect resulting from the coupling between two mirrors and the scalar and electromagnetic field. In order to study the static Casimir effect, we compute the vacuum energy of a system where the field interacts with two zero-width semitransparent mirrors. Our approach relies on the main assumption that the mirrors are semi-transparent, what justies our use of a perturbative expansion in the strength of the coupling between each mirror and the quantum eld. In particular, we study a system of two corrugated mirrors where the amplitude of the corrugation is not assumed to be small. We compute the lateral force due to corrugation. In addition, we study dynamic Casimir effect resulting from the parallel motion of two at semitransparent mirrors. We compute the probability of vacuum decay based on a perturbative expansion of the effective action in the coupling between mirrors and field.
| Tipo de objeto: | Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Físicas) |
|---|---|
| Palabras Clave: | Casimir effect; Efecto casimir; Quantum mechanics; Mecánica cuántica; [Quantum vacuum; Vacío cuántico; Field theory; Teoría de campos] |
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| Materias: | Física > Teoría de campos |
| Divisiones: | Investigación y aplicaciones no nucleares > Física > Partículas y campos |
| Código ID: | 663 |
| Depositado Por: | Tamara Cárcamo |
| Depositado En: | 25 Abr 2018 13:12 |
| Última Modificación: | 25 Abr 2018 14:54 |
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